Friday, August 12, 2016

Most Common Diseases of 50 Plus: Thyroid disease: Acute thyroiditis - The Causes and Risk factors

Kyle J. Norton(Scholar and Master of Nutrients, all right reserved)
Health article writer and researcher; Over 10.000 articles and research papers have been written and published on line, including world wide health, ezine articles, article base, healthblogs, selfgrowth, best before it's news, the karate GB daily, etc.,.
Named TOP 50 MEDICAL ESSAYS FOR ARTISTS & AUTHORS TO READ by Disilgold.com Named 50 of the best health Tweeters Canada - Huffington Post
Nominated for shorty award over last 4 years
Some articles have been used as references in medical research, such as international journal Pharma and Bio science, ISSN 0975-6299.


                         Thyroid disease


Thyroid disease is defined as a condition of malfunction of thyroid. Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland is over active and produces too much thyroid hormones.


                         Acute thyroiditis



Acute thyroiditis is defined as a condition of as a result of relatively high amount of iodine in the tissue causes of microbial inflammatory thyroiditis, pyrogenic thyroiditis and bacterial thyroiditis. Acute infectious thyroiditis is very rare, accounting for about 0.1-0.7% of all thyroiditis.

                             The Causes and Risk factors

B.1. Causes
Although the cause of silent thyroiditis is known. The autoimmune thyroiditis processus progressively and slowly tends to the necrosis/apoptosis of thyroid cells and their functional impairment. Other forms of autoimmune thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis and silent thyroiditis(11). There is a suggestion that silent thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the thyroid and by transient hyperthyroidism, followed occasionally by transient hypothyroidism and eventual recovery(12).
Other indicated that clinically important autoimmune thyroid disease might thus be present both in individuals with normal and with raised thyrotropin concentrations. Rises in thyrotropin concentration might also occur for several reasons other than autoimmune thyroiditis(13). 

B.2. Risk factors
1. Gentic and environment factors
Genetic and/or environmental factors are important in the development of this familial type of silent thyroiditis, according to the study by the Gifu Red Cross Hospital(14). Other study indicated that antecedent infection or exposure to antigen may cause the development of silent thyroiditis(15). 

2. Adrenalectomy
There is a report of a case of silent thyroiditis after unilateral adrenalectomy for treatment of Cushing’s syndrome as the left adrenocortical adenoma was resected, according to the Gifu University School of Medicine(16).

3. Lithium therapy
While hypothyroidism secondary to treatments by lithium are well known, cases of hyperthyroidism are less common. A 48 years old patient under lithium carbonate from about 10 years ago presents hyperthyroidism without any auto-immunity biological markers, associated with a very low thyroid tracer uptake on scintigraphy(17).

4. Alpha-interferon therapy
There is a report of a a 30-year-old woman with chronic active hepatitis C develops silent thyroiditis developed during alpha-interferon therapy(18). Other study report the development of a episode of silent thyroiditis in a patient with chronic thyroiditis and papillary adenocarcinoma following alpha interferon treatment for hepatitis C(19).

5. Thyroid-stimulation-blocking antibodies (TSBAb)
There is a report of a 24-year-old man showed thyrotoxic symptoms with hypokalemic periodic paralysis. Serum thyroid hormone levels were high and thyrotropin (TSH) was undetectable. 123I-thyroidal uptake was suppressed. TSH-binding inhibitor immunoglobulin (TBII) was positive(20).

6. Infections
Viral infection such as rubella could cause the development of silent thyroiditis. There is a report of A 40-year-old housewife was referred to our hospital for evaluation of a thyrotoxic state. A month after rubella infection, she developed heat intolerance(21).

7. Gender
If you are women, you are associated to increased risk of silent thyroiditis.

8. Low level of selenium
Se levels were significantly decreased in cases of sub-acute and silent thyroiditis. according to WOMED(22).

9. Postpartum period
Silent or painless thyroiditis is a frequent cause of transient hyperthyroidism, which is characterized by recent onset of symptoms in a patient with a normal to modestly enlarged and firm thyroid gland. No pathogenetic factors are known, but the disease may conceivably have an autoimmune basis, particularly in the postpartum patient(22a).

10. Autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus
Patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus have often, besides immune diabetes markers, also other organ-specific antibodies, particularly thyroid autoantibodies (antithyreoglobulin antibodies – ATG and/or thyroid peroxidase antibodies – TPO)(22b).

11. Thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies
Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is a key enzyme in the formation of thyroid hormones and a major autoantigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases. Titers of TPO antibodies also correlate with the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in euthyroid subjects, and they are frequently present in euthyroid subjects (prevalence 12-26%)(22c).

Chinese Food Therapy
The Best Way to prevent, treat your disease, including Obesity
and restore your health naturally with Chinese diet

Ovarian Cysts And PCOS Elimination
Holistic System In Existence That Will Show You How To
Permanently Eliminate All Types of Ovarian Cysts Within 2 Months

Super foods Library, Eat Yourself Healthy With The Best of the Best Nature Has to Offer

Sources
(13) http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2801%2905358-2/fulltext#bib5
(14) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16284442.
(15) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1752238
(16) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8484389
(17) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17166635
(18) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8128980
(19) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7920883
(20) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1983199
(21) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2384053
(22) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18221503
(22a) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21278944
(22b) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23599721
(23c) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15826919

No comments:

Post a Comment